STEP 3: Clean all your aftertreatment components. This includes all the components that have been contaminated by the oil, fuel, and coolant. Clean exhaust system piping after the turbocharger to the inlet of the DOC filter. Clean all temperature sensors and pressure sensors (use electrical cleaner).Possible causes of this fault code include: All Categories All Products; Truck SoftwareFAULT CODE 3582 - After Treatment SCR Catalyst Conversion Efficiency - Data Valid But Below Normal. After treatment repairs can be costly... We're Open: Mon - Fri 8:00 am - 4:30 pm. Call Us ... Toll Free: 1-833-343-7359. Address: 6333 76 Ave NW Edmonton, AB T6B 0A7. Engine Services. Diesel Engine Repair; Diesel Engine Diagnostics;Thank youThe 4364 fault is for scr cat efficiency. This fault is present whenever the scr can not treat the nox levels. This is how this fault code needs to be approached and diagnoses done. The very first thing is to check for any charge air leaks, check for any obvious ex or egr leaks.The SCR System test fails the NOx sensor rationality portion of the test, directing the technician to replace the NOx sensors. Root Cause: If the unit has over 200 engine …Cummins fault code 5655 (Aftertreatment 1 SCR Conversion Efficiency) ... i have a cummins isb 6.7 with codes 3543 NOX limits have been exceeded due to poor def quality. and o have code 3582 aftertreatment 1 scr conversion efficiency. valid data , but below normal operation ...Apart from these chemical reactions, the DOC has other beneficial effects like the oxidation of non-regulated species such as aldehydes and polymer aromatic hydrocarbons and a reduction in the odor of diesel exhaust (Mohammed et al. 2006).The conversion efficiency of the DOC depends on exhaust gas temperature, exhaust mass flow rate, catalyst used, monolith diameter, monolith length, and ...I have a 2011 Blue Bird bus with a 6.7 Cummins engine. I get codes 4094-31, nox limits exceeded due to insufficient regent quality, and 4364-18 aftertreatment 1 scr catalyst conversion efficiency. I h … read moreThis fault code is logged when the conversion efficiency of the DOC is calculated to be less than that required to perform an effective regeneration. ... 1 TxId: 0 SPN: 74 - Maximum Vehicle Speed Limit FMI: 14 (Special instruction) Count: 1 TxId: 49 SPN: 5246 - Aftertreatment SCR Operator Inducement Severity FMI: 19 (Data Error) Count: 6 ...Cumminsdr, I am working on a 2015 Peterbilt 389 VIN 288435 with an ISX15 ESN 79786048. It has an active code 5655 Aftertreatment 1 SCR conversion efficiency concern exists. I have insite but for some … read moreSCR Aftertreatment Systems and Common Emissions. Major components in the SCR exhaust aftertreatment system include a DEF supply module or injector, a DEF tank assembly, and an SCR catalyst. These components work together to reduce harmful emissions that would otherwise be expelled from the vehicle, including: Particulate Matter (PM). These tiny ...By comparing these two values, the ECM is able to determine the conversion efficiency of the SCR catalyst and dosing system. Here are the possible causes for this fault to occur : Possible causes of this fault code include: Malfunctioning aftertreatment diesel exhaust fluid dosing system. Exhaust system leaks.Txld: 0 SPN: 4364 - Aftertreatment 1 SCR Conversion Efficiency FMI: 31 (null) Count: 1 2 days ago got dashboard signal for parked regen. Did the regen (1 hr). Soot level dropped and I went my merry way. Yesterday it asked for it again. Did the parked regen (spent 1 hr) but this time soot didn't drop. So I did the second regen right after ...Cummins 6.7L ISB, Code 5655, "Aftertreatment SCR conversion efficiency, condition exists, NOX conversion across the SCR - Answered by a verified Technician. ... TxId: 0 SPN: 4364 - Aftertreatment 1 SCR Conversion Efficiency FMI: 18 (Low—moderate severity) ...Heavy truck thermal efficiency Cost effective emission control Combined NOx and PM emissions • Total planned project funding - $1.6M DOE share ... PNNL/PACCAR DPF-SCR AFTERTREATMENT INTEGRATION 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 100 200 300 400 500 Pressure Drop, relative Temperature, °C 150 g/L catalyst; 500 ppm NO 2; 35k GHSVModular Aftertreatment System. DOC DPF SCR System Decomposition Reactor Urea Dosing System. Cummins Emission Solutions 301 Jackson Street Columbus, IN 47201 U.S.A. Phone: 1-800-DIESELS™ (1-800-343-7357) Internet: cumminsemissionsolutions.com Bulletin 4973794 Printed in U.S.A. 5/16 ©2016 Cummins Emission Solutions.Caterpillar’s combination of a fuel-efficiency-optimized engine and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) aftertreatment system is a solution that not only reduces NOx emissions, but can also lower a customer’s owning and operating costs in the process. ... THE 1-2-3 OF SCR. The dosing cabinet mixes the right dosage of compressed air [1A ...Joined: Jun 2013. RE: 2015 international prostar scr issues. just found this post. Must have gotten lost in the noise. According to the likely out of date print-out I have on SPN codes, the ... SPN: 4364 FMI:18 -- should be cummins fault code 3582. Fault code 3582 = Aftertreatment SCR Catalyst Conversion Efficiency - Data Valid But Below Normal ...exhaust and aftertreatment systems. • describe the function of each aftertreatment system. • Explain the differences between active and passive regeneration. • Explain how temperature sensors are used to monitor component operation. • describe the function of the diesel exhaust fluid (dEf) in the selective catalyst reduction (sCr) system.The combined LNT and passive SCR system achieves nearly 100 % NO X conversion efficiency at 250 °C with fuel economy penalty of 1.5 % for Euro 4 NO X raw emission ... Fuel reformer, LNT and SCR Aftertreatment system meeting emissions useful life requirements. Paper presented at the Directions in Engine-Efficiency and Emissions Research (DEER ...Over the last year, I have spent thousands of $$ in dealer charges for troubleshooting various aftertreatment system faults and issues. In April, dealer found SPN 4094 FMI 18 (Nox limits exceeded), SPN 5298 FMI 2 (Diesel oxidation catalyst conversion efficiency - data erratic, intermittent, or incorrect), and SPN 5394 FMI 17 …during the first test step of the SCR System Test (ABL-DIT-AT1361_SCR_SYS_M57_2-SCR exhaust emission system test – V.2). • Check the metering valve for any DEF build-up (1) during this test. Clean off build-up with water. • Check the spray pattern of the metering valve when performing the quantity measurement.SPN 4364/FMI 1. Description. This fault code sets when the Aftertreatment Control Module (ACM) detects that the NOx conversion is lower than a calibrated threshold. Monitored Parameter. Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) Inlet NOx sensor, SCR outlet NOx sensor. Typical Enabling Conditions. Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) dosing enabled, 1000 - 1500 ...Diesel exhaust aftertreatment systems are required for meeting both EPA 2010 and final Tier 4 emission regulations. This paper addresses aftertreatment system performance of a fuel reformer, lean NOx trap (LNT) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system designed to meet the EPA 2010 emission standards for an on-highway heavy-duty vehicle.Example LB simulation in Zone 1 with sub-grid Darcy resistance gives a permeability close to the range of measurements for that zone. Device-scale models are being created to show effects of zone properties on performance (pressure drop, soot distribution, NO X conversion, etc.). Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 0 1E-13 2E-13 3E-13 4E-13 m 2) Approximate ...2014 freightliner with 6.7 Cummins. Truck derated with the primary fault code being 3582 scr conversion efficiency. During diagnosis attempted scr test multiple times with unusual results. 1st test in. Nich M. Diesel Technician. Vocational, Technical or Trade School. 264 satisfied customers. Show more.The SCR's job in the Emissions After-Treatment System (EATS) is to lower the NOx level emitted into the atmosphere. The performance of the SCR is evaluated by the NOx sensors. There are NOx sensors that are located on upstream (inlet) and downstream (outlet) ends of the SCR. Important: the SCR is the last component in the EATS which makesIn today’s fast-paced business world, maximizing efficiency is key to staying ahead of the competition. One area where many professionals find themselves spending unnecessary time ...I would perform the following: Replace the DEF pump filter. Replace the DEF suction filter inside the DEF tank. Remove the DEF doser, clean the tip with warm or hot water and reinstall. Perform a regen for about 20 minutes to warm up the SCR. Road test the vehicle while monitoring the nox readings.Example LB simulation in Zone 1 with sub-grid Darcy resistance gives a permeability close to the range of measurements for that zone. Device-scale models are being created to show effects of zone properties on performance (pressure drop, soot distribution, NO X conversion, etc.). Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 0 1E-13 2E-13 3E-13 4E-13 m 2) Approximate ...Feb 5, 2012 · SCR NOx efficiency conversion low. Either your DEF quality is bad ( too old, watered down, some one put diesel in the wrong tank) or the nozzle is getting plugged up, crystallized. Seeing as you just put fresh stuff in, if it was too low, some trucks the code will only reset itself after three successful starts of the engine.Integrating urea-selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and diesel particulate filter (DPF) technologies into a single device has the potential to reduce the complexity of current diesel aftertreatment strategies. Fundamental studies were performed to shed light on the pressure drop and reaction behavior of integrated SCR and DPF systems. Details of SCR washcoat amount and location were ...Feb 5, 2012 · SCR NOx efficiency conversion low. Either your DEF quality is bad ( too old, watered down, some one put diesel in the wrong tank) or the nozzle is getting plugged up, crystallized. Seeing as you just put fresh stuff in, if it was too low, some trucks the code will only reset itself after three successful starts of the engine.Code Description: Aftertreatment SCR Catalyst Conversion Efficiency data valid but below normal operating range - moderately severe level. Best case scenario: Do a forced Regen and be on your way. If the Code comes back: if the code reappears you will need to consider getting DPF filter changed or getting it cleaned. Possible solution: your DPF Filter has over 500k miles its time for a change ...Sep 10, 2020 · Due to the earlier enabling of dosing and the higher SCR catalyst temperature, conversion rates of more than 90 % can be achieved just 450 s after cycle start. Without the electric heating element, the conversion rates decrease significantly, especially after overrun and idling phases [4].Stanton shows in Fig. 1.3 that the most effective engine means for reducing NOx, EGR is an efficient approach and can have fuel consumption benefits if SCR efficiency requires low engine-out NOx levels (<2.5-5 g/kW-h NOx) in low-load operating regimes. However, if increased SCR deNOx efficiency allows higher NOx levels, EGR results in a fuel ...Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) is a means of converting nitrogen oxides, also known as NOx emissions, into harmless nitrogen (N2) and water (H2O) through the use of a catalyst system. This process is crucial because NOx is a primary component of smog and acid rain and is a significant contributor to the greenhouse effect.We present a systematic study of the NH 3-SCR reactivity over a commercial V 2 O 5 -WO 3 /TiO 2 catalyst in a wide range of temperatures and NO/NO 2 feed ratios, which cover (and exceed) those of interest for industrial applications to the aftertreatment of exhaust gases from diesel vehicles. The experiments confirm that the best deNO x efficiency is achieved with a 1/1 NO/NO 2 feed ratio.The reasons for higher Pt loadings are (1) increased durability and (2) increased conversion efficiency for CO and HC. A second generation of this ceria catalyst additionally incorporated beta zeolite, which enhanced the HC storage function for improved low temperature performance [861]. The washcoat was composed of equal amounts of the zeolite ...This project will develop a strategy for the integration of SCR and DPF technologies into a single device (herein referred to as SCRF) for the successful application to heavy-duty on-road diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment. The key technical accomplishments to be pursued in this work are as follows: 1.Cumminsdr, I am working on a 2015 Peterbilt 389 VIN 288435 with an ISX15 ESN 79786048. It has an active code 5655 Aftertreatment 1 SCR conversion efficiency concern exists. I have insite but for some reason it is not opening the Troubleshooting section. It says there is no internet connection and there is actually a good connection.Vehicle fault: TxId: 0, SPN: 4796 - Aftertreatment 1 Diesel Oxidation Catalyst Missing, FMI: 31, Count: 1. Submitted: 2 years ago. Category: Medium and Heavy Trucks. Show More. Show Less. Ask Your Own Medium and Heavy Trucks Question. Share this conversation. ... TxId: 0 SPN: 4364 - Aftertreatment 1 SCR Conversion Efficiency FMI: ...Oct 7, 2023 · SCR NOX conversion measures the efficiency of this process, calculated by the Engine Control Module (ECM) via inlet and outlet NOX sensor readings. High conversion rates signify effective emission reduction, while low rates indicate issues needing attention. Potential Causes of Low SCR NOX Conversion 1. Failed DEF Injection ValveThe Selective Catalytic Reduction on Filter (SCRF) system is yet to be deployed in current heavy-duty diesel engine aftertreatment system. Due to the thermal, space and cost benefits of the SCRF, it could become a useful component of the after-treatment system of a heavy-duty diesel engine, as regulators continue to demand an even cleaner environment.Over the last year, I have spent thousands of $$ in dealer charges for troubleshooting various aftertreatment system faults and issues. In April, dealer found SPN 4094 FMI 18 (Nox limits exceeded), SPN 5298 FMI 2 (Diesel oxidation catalyst conversion efficiency - data erratic, intermittent, or incorrect), and SPN 5394 FMI 17 (aftertreatment DEF dosing valve - valid but below normal operating ...3-SCR reactions for the aftertreatment of diesel exhausts and compared the results with a commercial V 2O 5-WO 3/TiO 2 catalyst, ... NOx conversion efficiency and N 2O emission presents the challenges for the SCR developments. Liu et al.21 investigated N 2O formation over Cu-SSZ-13 during the NHCummins X12 CM2350 X119B (2018 & Newer) Fault Code: 5655 PID: SPN: 4364 FMI: 31 Aftertreatment 1 SCR Conversion Efficiency- condition Exists. Description; Tags; ... SPN: 4364 FMI: 31 Aftertreatment 1 SCR Conversion Efficiency- condition Exists” Cancel reply. Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked * Your rating …Low-temperature operation of urea selective catalytic reduction (SCR) aftertreatment systems for the abatement of NOx from diesel engines presents new challenges related to poor catalytic activity and the urea injection temperature threshold. Physical mixtures of a NH3-SCR catalyst (e.g., Fe-/Cu-zeolite) and of a NOx storage material (e.g., BaO/Al2O3, CeO2/Al2O3) have shown promising ...In today’s globalized world, businesses and individuals often find themselves dealing with people from different time zones. Time zone conversion is the process of converting the t...City NOx Conversion of 84.1% ... Initial Results Hot Cycle Cold Cycle Engine Out (1.81 g/bhp-hr) ÆSystem Out (0.15 g/bhp-hr) System NOx Efficiency = 92% (Combined) (Removed ~1.7 g/bhp-hr NOx) 9 2009 DOE DEER Conference – Dearborn, MI 9 ... LNT and SCR Aftertreatment System Meeting Emissions Useful Life Requirements Author: …We will now explain the NOx reduction efficiency to N2 as a function of several parameters for the combined HC-SCR/NH3-SCR system. The variables of most interest for the combined system include C/N ratio, H2 concentration, O2 concentration, and space velocity. Dual SCR NOx Conversion Efficiency to N2 100 C/N =6.10.2.6 Emplacement of SCR system. Typically, for the complete removal of hazardous pollutants in the exhaust gas, the engine exhaust manifold has various after-treatment systems, including a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), a diesel particulate filter (DPF), and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system. The desired function of this system ...The main objective of the study is to develop a passive SCR based NH 3 reduction strategy that results in an overall reduction of NH 3 as well as NOx emissions from a stoichiometric spark ignited natural gas engine. The study investigated the characteristics of Fe-based and Cu-based zeolite SCR catalysts in storage, and desorption of ammonia at high exhaust temperature conditions, that are ...Long story short, these fault codes mean that the efficiency in the aftertreatment system, aka the 1-Box, is not operating within the required threshold (70%). This measurement happens between your inlet and outlet NOx sensors and it’s called your SCR NOx efficiency.Aftertreatment SCR Operator Inducement - Data Valid But Above Normal Operational Range - Most Severe Level. Critical SCR related fault codes have been active for an extended period of time and require immediate attention. Immediate engine power derate. Vehicle speed will be limited to 8 km [5 miles] per hour.Diesel aftertreatment integration and matching. Qianfan Xin, in Diesel Engine System Design, 2013. 8.1.1 Diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) performance. The DOC reduces HC (including PAH), CO, SOF in PM, and diesel exhaust odor by converting them to H 2 O and CO 2.The de-NO x capability of the DOC in the presence of HC is …When it comes to maintaining your vehicle’s engine performance, spark plugs play a crucial role. These small but mighty components are responsible for igniting the air-fuel mixture...Aftertreatment #1 SCR Catalyst Conversion Efficiency : Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect : DEF Quality/Tampering/Dosing Interruption : 4364-18 : E1309 (2) Aftertreatment #1 SCR Catalyst Conversion Efficiency : Low - moderate severity (2) DEF Quality/Tampering/Dosing Interruption : 4374-5 : 3118-5Aftertreatment Technologies for Diesel Engines: An Overview of the Combined Systems Ferenc Martinovic 1, Lidia Castoldi 2 and Fabio Alessandro Deorsola 1,* 1 Department of Applied Science andTechnology, Politecnico di Torino,C.so Ducadegli Abruzzi24, 10129 Turin, Italy; [email protected] or Fe-SCR are used in combination with Cu-SCR to decrease N 2 O formation without compromise in NOx conversion. V or Fe SCR has low NH 3 storage capacity and Cu-SCR leads to low NH 3 slip into Ammonia slip catalyst (ASC) [79]. SCR coated DPF with Cu-Z as SCR material is able to achieve NOx conversion efficiency similar to flow through SCR ...I have code 5655 and 3151 Cummins 2350. Also def light is blinking but gauge shows full ... hi i have 2011 freightliner m2 business class with cummins engine have this code spn 4364 aftertreatment 1 scr conversion efficiency fmi=18 data valid but below normal operating range ...SPN 4364/FMI 1. Description. This fault code sets when the Aftertreatment Control Module (ACM) detects that the NOx conversion is lower than a calibrated threshold. Monitored Parameter. Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) Inlet NOx sensor, SCR outlet NOx sensor. Typical Enabling Conditions. Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) dosing enabled, 1000 - 1500 ...The results show that by applying the SCR substrate aftertreatment with a cell density of 600 cpsi, NOx conversion capability is stronger than that with cell density 400 cpsi for the same SCR size. Current dosing strategy is capable and recommended ANR is 0.9–1.1 if considering dosing strategy optimization.Possible causes of this fault code include: All Categories All Products; Truck SoftwareSep 15, 2013 · Additionally, high SCR conversion efficiency is difficult to maintain at the low engine load operations where the exhaust gas temperature (EGT) is relatively low and probably insufficient to ...41a50c23-309f-4811-b2d7-0060ce0e87b1_189-t06-5655-1(1) - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free.The ECM monitors the NOx concentration in the engine’s exhaust gases using an aftertreatment intake NOx sensor and aftertreatment outlet NOx sensor. By comparing these two values, the ECM is able to determine the conversion efficiency of the SCR catalyst and dosing system.Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) and Ammonia Slip Catalyst (ASC) are important components of the diesel engine aftertreatment. SCR reduces the engine-out NOx into harmless N2 and H2O using NH3, which is injected into the system as Diesel Exhaust Fluid or DEF. ASC is responsible for oxidizing SCR-out NH3. Thus, SCR-ASC system minimizes tailpipe NOx and NH3 emissions. A major challenge with ...SPN-4364 1 Aftertreatment 1 SCR Conversion Efficiency Mar 03, 4:09 PM Mar 04, 7:59 AM Constant. 2016 Mack CXU613. 556480 - Answered by a verified TechnicianSPN 4364/FMI 18. Description. This code sets when the Aftertreatment Control Module (ACM) detects that the Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) NOx Conversion efficiency is low. Monitored Parameter. SCR inlet NOx sensor and SCR outlet NOx sensor. Typical Enabling Conditions. Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Dosing Enabled, 1000 - 2100 rpm, 15 …It can be found from Fig. 7 (b) that with the increase of engine load, NOx emissions of dual-fuel engine gradually increase, and NOx emissions after SCR gradually decrease, indicating that the conversion efficiency of SCR to NOx shows a significant upward trend, which is basically consistent with the trend of SCR inlet temperature. At 25% and ...74212160 Eng #Nox sensors are new. 5655 after treatment 1 scr conversion efficiency. 3151 after treatment 1 scr catalyst system missing. I drained the def fluid, inspected the def system for leaks ... if the SCR is faulty it will be the last section of the aftertreatment assembly. The DOC/DPF/SCR is all one unit on this truck.Hello friends I'm working in a 416f2 backhoe loader with c4.4 engine tier4 final ang have a code 4364-2 (Aftertreatment #1 SCR Catalyst Conversion Efficiency : Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect) and the comment :The Engine Out and Tailpipe Out NOx Sensors are installed in the incorrect locations. the troubleshooting said that check the nox ...This fault code is logged when the conversion efficiency of the DOC is calculated to be less than that required to perform an effective regeneration. ... 1 TxId: 0 SPN: 74 - Maximum Vehicle Speed Limit FMI: 14 (Special instruction) Count: 1 TxId: 49 SPN: 5246 - Aftertreatment SCR Operator Inducement Severity FMI: 19 (Data Error) Count: 6 ...Abstract. The formation of Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) over urea-based selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems was scrutinized using exhaust gases from a 3.4-liter non-road diesel engine. Four catalysts were used for the SCR systems; Cu-zeolite (Cu/Fe = 4), Fe-zeolite (Fe only), vanadia and mixed (vanadia and Cu-zeolite) one.How is the SCR Conversion efficiency determined? The NOx concentration in the exhaust gases is monitored by two sensors: NOx IN and NOx OUT. …I have a 2011 Blue Bird bus with a 6.7 Cummins engine. I get codes 4094-31, nox limits exceeded due to insufficient regent quality, and 4364-18 aftertreatment 1 scr catalyst conversion efficiency. I h … read morePossible causes of this fault code include:This code is for issues with the aftertreatment system , If you have inactive NOX sensors that could trip this fault too. You will need the Cummins Insite program to troubleshoot and test the aftertreatment SCR system to see what component is failing. Fault Code: 5655. PID (P): SPN: 4364. FMI: 31. NOx conversion across the SCR catalyst is too low.This article describes a NOx sensor based urea dosing control strategy for heavy-duty diesel aftertreatment systems using Selective Catalytic Reduction. The dosing control strategy comprises of a fast-response, model-based ammonia storage control system in combination with a long-timescale tailpipe-The automobile fault code P20EE indicates a problem with the SCR NOx Catalyst Efficiency. The estimated repair time for this issue is 1.0 hour. The cost of fixing this issue can vary depending on the auto repair shop, but it is common for them to charge between $75 and $150 per hour. Other factors that may influence the cost include the ...Description. SPN 4364/FMI 17. This Code Sets When the Aftertreatment Control Module (ACM) Detects Poor Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) NOx Conversion. Monitored …SCR system simulations are also presented that compare system performance for different levels of stored NH 3. With the configuration used in this study, lean/rich HCCI/SACI operation showed a maximum NO x conversion efficiency of 10%, while lean/rich SI operation showed a maximum NO x conversion efficiency of 60%.. The highest SCR conversion efficiency occurs at 250–450 °C, and the tuDescriptionThis Code Sets When the Aftertreatment Control Module (A I have a 2011 Blue Bird bus with a 6.7 Cummins engine. I get codes 4094-31, nox limits exceeded due to insufficient regent quality, and 4364-18 aftertreatment 1 scr catalyst conversion efficiency. I h … read more Got 3582 /fmi1/spn 4364 Aftertreatment SCR Catalyst Convers Cummins has its own set of fault codes that will relate to the SPN and FMi systems. In this case, the Cummins code is 5655 and it has to do with the following parts: “Aftertreatment 1 SCR Conversion Efficiency - Condition Exists. Amber light and NOx conversion across the SCR catalyst is too low.” The hotter the faster it will degrade. You may want to get a def ref...
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